It stands on the ancient site of the Mausoleum of the Domitii Ahenobarbi, where Emperor Nero was buried. A chapel was built here in 1099, enlarged in 1227, but essentially rebuilt under Sixtus IV between 1472 and 1477, probably by Andrea Bregno, and entrusted to the Augustinians of the Lombard congregation.
After the Baroque decorative additions inside and on the façade, at the beginning of the 19th century Valadier destroyed the old convent during the reorganization of the square and the ascent to the Pincian Hill.
